Measles Outbreak What One Needs To Look Out For!!!
In the past few months, the country has witnessed several measles outbreaks in various parts and regions. This has concerned public health experts around the world
Though it isn’t at an alarming rate it doesn’t mean we are protected from the infection. The majority of the Indian population falls into the moderately to poorly nourished category. So, the chances of falling prey to the infection by default become high.
We need to effectively control and prevent the spread of this highly contagious viral disease. Hence, identifying and understanding the early signs of a measles outbreak becomes necessary. The onset of measles is followed by high fever patterns, respiratory symptoms, and the characteristic rash.
Some typical signs and symptoms you need to watch out for:
- High Fever: Measles often begins with a high fever, typically above 101°F (38.3°C). This fever is persistent and can last for several days.
- Cough and Runny Nose: Infected individuals may experience a dry cough and a runny or congested nose, like symptoms of the common cold.
- Conjunctivitis: Measles can cause redness, irritation, and watering of the eyes, known as conjunctivitis. This symptom is typically present during the early stages of the infection.
- Koplik’s Spots: One of the characteristic signs of measles is the appearance of small white spots with a bluish-white center on the inside of the cheeks. These spots, known as Koplik’s spots, often precede the onset of the rash.
- Rash: A rash is a hallmark sign of measles. It usually begins around the ears and face and then spreads to the rest of the body. The rash consists of flat, red spots that may merge and become raised, forming small, bumpy patches.
- Malaise and Fatigue: Infected individuals often experience a general feeling of malaise and fatigue, which may be present before the onset of other symptoms.
It is crucial to know that the presence of these symptoms does not necessarily confirm a measles infection, as other illnesses can cause similar symptoms. However, the combination of these symptoms, especially the presence of Koplik’s spots and the characteristic rash, can strongly suggest a measles infection and should warrant you from undergoing further investigation and appropriate diagnostic testing like
- Serological Testing: Serological testing involves analyzing a blood sample to detect the presence of measles-specific antibodies. This test can determine if an individual has developed antibodies in response to a recent or past measles infection. It can help confirm a suspected case of measles and differentiate it from other viral infections.
- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR): PCR testing is used to detect the genetic material (RNA) of the measles virus. This test is particularly useful in the early stages of infection when the virus is replicating in the body. It can confirm an active measles infection and is often conducted on respiratory or throat swab samples.
- Viral Culture: Viral culture involves attempting to grow the measles virus in a laboratory setting. This test is less commonly used due to its complexity and longer turnaround time. It may be performed on samples collected from the respiratory tract or urine.
- Immunohistochemistry: Immunohistochemistry is a technique that examines tissue samples, such as skin biopsies, for the presence of measles virus antigens. It can be used in cases where other diagnostic tests are inconclusive or not feasible.
Consult your nearest healthcare provider to confirm if you have the above signs and symptoms. We encourage you to isolate yourself and wear masks to reduce the spread of infection.
Take adequate measures to protect yourself and your loved ones.
